Pharyngula

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Friday, November 05, 2004

Friday Extinct Parasite blogging

Somehow, it just seems appropriate this week to discover that organisms have been struggling with obnoxious little parasites for 520 million years. Here's a scanning EM of the interior of the Lower Cambrian brachiopod (brachiopods look rather like modern clams, but are in a completely different phylum), Linnarssonia constans, revealing that the poor old fellow was hosting a tubelike parasite named Eodiorygma acrotretophilia.

Cambrian parasite
Eodiorygma acrotretophilia n. gen. and sp., NMW 98.61G.341, holotype. 1, Oblique lateral view of the interior of the dorsal valve of the acrotretide brachiopod Linnarssonia constans Koneva, 1983 with tubular outgrowth on the inner side of the shell (mr, median ridge; cms, anterior boundary of the cardinal muscle fields tracing the border of the body cavity), × 47; 2, anterior view of the tube showing aperture, × 90; 3, side view of the tube showing junction with the floor of the dorsal valve, × 120

And here's a diagram to help you figure out what's what in there:

brachiopod diagram

Heh. "Parasitic tentaculate animal"—that's a phrase I'm going to have to find more excuses to use.

I'd find it reassuring to consider that the parasite is extinct today, except that the host is also long gone.


Bassett MG, Popov LE, Holmer LE (2004) The oldest-known metazoan parasite? Journal of Paleontology 78(6):1214-1216.


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Comments:
#8328: — 11/05  at  03:46 PM
Seems they've always been there. The incredibly complex life cycle of some parasites only makes sense looked at from an evolutionary perspective. PZ uses one of Carl Zimmer's books "At The Water's Edge" for his developmental biology class. For a wonderful look at parasites read Carl's book "Parasite Rex". Don't read it while eating however.



#8330: Mrs Tilton — 11/05  at  04:34 PM
I'll have you know that I read Parasite Rex while eating. Sushi, in fact. (Sure hope it was frozen for at least 4 days...)

Great book, though I thought Zimmer had a slight tendency to drift into 'Woooo, scary parasites!' sensationalist mode. One of the piccies was a big scary-looking close-up of the head of a male adult Strepsiptera. Well, they're scary indeed as sub-adults, if you're, say, a hymenopteran with one stuck in your belly. But a featureless minimaggot wouldn't have looked as ghastly. Adult males might have heads like brain-sucking aliens from the Planet Bongo, but they live for only a couple of hours, and I don't believe they even have mouthparts. And they're what, about a squillionth of a centimetre long.

Still, as I say: great book. For his next one, perhaps he can describe much scarier parasites: 'moral values'-motivated, Bush-voting Red Staters. After all, they live by siphoning money away from the Blue States.



's avatar #8332: PZ Myers — 11/05  at  04:56 PM
I'll say. We deal with Republicans and Creationists here. We have to have strong stomachs.

PZ Myers
Division of Science and Math
University of Minnesota, Morris



#8335: — 11/05  at  05:21 PM
Ah the popular press...to sell those books you NEED to deal with the "Woooo, scary parasites"! It's unfortunate, but to lure the "average" reader in I guess it's necessary. Once there however, it's the amazing variety of live histories and the control some pararsites have over the lives of their hosts that really make you say Woooo!

Mrs. T, if you can read about brain worms and blood flukes while eating sushi, you're a better "man" than me!



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