Pharyngula

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Monday, December 05, 2005

Narnia as an inoculation

When I was in fifth grade, I read C.S. Lewis's Narnia books. I had a teacher who raved about them and assigned The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe as class reading, and since I hated to leave anything unread, I also polished off the rest of the series.

I didn't like them.

I didn't get the religious allegory at all—it wasn't until I was in high school that someone mentioned it to me, and then suddenly all was clear—but it was the peculiar stuffed-shirt elitism that put me off, what with all these odd characters that were treated with hushed and unquestioning reverence by a bunch of annoying prigs. Lacking the religious connection, too, the story made little sense; a lion tortured and dying and coming back to life? What the heck? It simply wasn't a very good story.

Now we have this new Disney movie of the books coming out. I'll probably see it; I'm sure the religious in my little town will be demanding that our theater show it, and I'm pretty religious about seeing every movie shown there (small town theaters are a treasure, and I just like the ambience, even if the movie stinks). Neil Saunders passed along this Guardian review, 'Narnia represents everything that is most hateful about religion', and now I may also have to see it just because it'll feed my distaste.

There's at least one bit of Britain I envy.

Disney may come to regret this alliance with Christians, at least on this side of the Atlantic. For all the enthusiasm of the churches, Mel Gibson's The Passion of the Christ bombed in Britain and warehouses are stuffed with unsold DVDs of that stomach-churner. There are too few practising Christians in the empty pews of this most secular nation to pack cinemas. So there has been a queasy ambivalence about how to sell the Narnia film here. Its director, Andrew Adamson (of Shrek fame), says the movie's Christian themes are "open to the audience to interpret". One soundtrack album of the film has been released with religious music, the other with secular pop.

I think The Passion of the Christ did very well here in Morris—it was held over for weeks, to my annoyance. Since we only have one theater with one screen, it meant better movies were displaced for far too long.

Oh, but this review goes on in a way I find positively heartwarming. Here's a sample:

Over the years, others have had uneasy doubts about the Narnian brand of Christianity. Christ should surely be no lion (let alone with the orotund voice of Liam Neeson). He was the lamb, representing the meek of the earth, weak, poor and refusing to fight. Philip Pullman - he of the marvellously secular trilogy His Dark Materials - has called Narnia "one of the most ugly, poisonous things I have ever read".

Why? Because here in Narnia is the perfect Republican, muscular Christianity for America - that warped, distorted neo-fascist strain that thinks might is proof of right. I once heard the famous preacher Norman Vincent Peel in New York expound a sermon that reassured his wealthy congregation that they were made rich by God because they deserved it. The godly will reap earthly reward because God is on the side of the strong. This appears to be CS Lewis's view, too. In the battle at the end of the film, visually a great epic treat, the child crusaders are crowned kings and queens for no particular reason. Intellectually, the poor do not inherit Lewis's earth.

Even though I read the books while I was still a little regular church-goer, maybe the reason I never caught on to the religious symbolism was that it was the gilded version of Christianity—the Christianity of the self-satisfied, the wealthy, the grasping; the kind of Christianity that sequesters itself in crystal cathedrals and is represented by televangelists who demand that the poor sacrifice more and more and more to their ministries. I couldn't identify with that.

I could easily discard such a Supreme Overlord of Self-Righteousness, though. I do remember feeling this in a vague way that I could not express:

Children are supposed to fall in love with the hypnotic Aslan, though he is not a character: he is pure, raw, awesome power. He is an emblem for everything an atheist objects to in religion. His divine presence is a way to avoid humans taking responsibility for everything here and now on earth, where no one is watching, no one is guiding, no one is judging and there is no other place yet to come. Without an Aslan, there is no one here but ourselves to suffer for our sins, no one to redeem us but ourselves: we are obliged to settle our own disputes and do what we can. We need no holy guide books, only a very human moral compass. Everyone needs ghosts, spirits, marvels and poetic imaginings, but we can do well without an Aslan.

Now I wonder if the Chronicles of Narnia was an early seed that contributed to my later abandonment of all matters religious. The review mentions that Lewis wanted the books to "make it easier for children to accept Christianity when they met it later in life", yet all they instilled in me was a mild distaste that made it easier to reject Christianity. Maybe the new Narnia movie will also help some of today's children cast off the shackles of sanctimonious superstition.

More likely, though, they'll just see it and say, "eh," as I did after reading those tedious books.


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Comments:
#52035: Orac — 12/05  at  07:46 AM
Oddly enough, as big a fan of SF/Fantasy as I was during my teen years and early adulthood (and still am, although not as passionately), I never got around to reading The Chronicles of Narnia</a>, even though I read almost every other "classic" fantasy series there was 25 years ago. It looks as though I didn't miss much.

As an aside, to show how much I persevere reading these series, I actually managed to get through the first 8 books of Robert Jordan's <i>Wheel of Time
series before giving up. It started out strong, with the first three or four books being the best heroic fantasy I had read in many years, but rapidly went downhill to the point where it was a struggle to finish the last couple of books. The only reason I bring this up is that, had I started the Narnia books, I almost certainly would have read them all.

--
Orac “A statement of fact cannot be insolent.”
http://oracknows.blogspot.com



#52036: Orac — 12/05  at  07:47 AM
Oops. I see I messed up the HTML tags. Guess that's what I get for typing too fast and not previewing...

--
Orac “A statement of fact cannot be insolent.”
http://oracknows.blogspot.com



#52037: Lya Kahlo — 12/05  at  07:58 AM
Lewis is no Tolkien, that's for sure.



's avatar #52038: Les — 12/05  at  08:06 AM
I wasn't aware of the Christian allegory in Narnia when I read the first book, but I caught onto it pretty quickly. I was still a believing Christian at the time and I have to admit that I found a lot of the symbolism confusing based on what I'd been taught Jesus was supposed to be like. I never got past the first book.

I and my family will be going to see the film next week mainly because we're getting in for free thanks to a friend who has some complimentary tickets. It's been awhile since we've seen a movie of any kind in the theater and you can't argue with free. Plus it does look like the production values are pretty good.

"Religion consists in a set of things which the average man thinks he believes, and wishes he was certain." - Mark Twain, Notebook, 1879.
Stupid Evil Bastard



#52040: — 12/05  at  08:25 AM
Apparently, there's four different trailers for Narnia - one that plays to the religious aspects, one that plays up the action/war angle for the boys, one that plays up the fantasy world angle for the Tolkien-fans, and one that sets up like Magical Pretty Princess Fairyland for the young girls.

This suggests to me, they've realised they don't know exactly who they've made this film for.



#52042: m! — 12/05  at  08:47 AM
I've always loved the narnian chronicles. ever since I was a kid. I've re-read them every year since second grade and I'm 43 now. It's odd, because I became an athiest in my early 20s and still the books are magical to me. But, now as I read your posts I realize that my love of the books had more to do with the fantasy aspects, entering a world through a closet, meeting fauns, etc. was what always impressed me most, not the allegory. The voyage of the dawn treader was always my most favorite. I guess I'll have to give them up now!



's avatar #52043: Aaron M — 12/05  at  08:53 AM
I guess I'll be the first person on this thread to note that I actually did like the Narnia books. I was a rote-believing Christian at the time, too; this was well before I started to really pay attention to what I was being taught. My opinion of them at the time (around sixth or seventh grade, I guess) was similar to Orac's description of Wheel of Time above; I loved the first few books, but it went quickly downhill near the end of the series.

As a further data point, I also adore Pullman's His Dark Materials, as does my father, a believing Anglican. I don't know if you've read that trilogy, PZ, but I suspect you'd like it.



#52045: ekzept — 12/05  at  08:55 AM
This suggests to me, they've realised they don't know exactly who they've made this film for.
well, being interested in fantasy, particularly Tolkien's stuff, i was going to see LWW. alas, Disney's pandering to churches and the religious sentiment turns me off to no end, especially in the context of the public mood and discourse presently in the States. so, i'll pass, more out of protest than anything else. maybe i'll see Harry Potter again instead.


the NVP sermon mentioned above, where the rich are told they're rich because they're living the right kind of life is pandering of another sort. it is an old, old theme in the Bible that often evil people grow like weeds and prosper, and many the good and humble remain poor. that Christianity has grown a streak where this theme is denied shows how it has adapted to assure its own financial success and pursued the religion of Paul instead of the religion of Jesus and James.

Tolkien was unabashedly religious and conservative, but apart from the absence of important roles for women in his books, his love of monarchies, and his implicit distaste for things democratic, it's hard to tell.



#52046: — 12/05  at  08:59 AM
Actually I would say that the best of the series is also one of the least allegorical- The Horse and his Boy. It also features perhaps the most enterprising female character in the series, Aravis, who in addition is shown in a very positive light despite being Calormanian. So overall you get more of the adventure with less of the preaching, sexism and racism in that one.



#52049: — 12/05  at  09:09 AM
NPR had an interesting take on Lewis and Narnia this weekend. They were interviewing an author who has just done a biography of Lewis (I believe, memory is going.)

It appears that Lewis himself did not set out to make Narnia a christian allegory. He realized it after writing it, but really intended it more to be a fantasy. In addition the author who did the biography felt that Lewis would be somewhat wary using the books, and espicially a movie as a method of conversion.

Having read some of Lewis' other works, I feel this is probably true. He was religious, but he did not believe in blind faith as it were.



#52051: Mark Nutter — 12/05  at  09:10 AM
Hey, maybe if Narnia does well, they'll follow up with the Out of the Silent Planet series, Lewis' tribute to H. G. Wells-ish fiction. The second book (Perelandra) features Ransom (a messianic kind of hero, get it, ransom?) following an evil tempter dude to the planet Venus, where the evil tempter tries to seduce an innocent Eve figure into sinning against a righteous universal ruler. Ransom can't figure out how to stop the evil tempter, until finally he gets a bright idea: why not just pound the bastard into a bloody pulp!

Good stuff.



#52052: Jonathan Badger — 12/05  at  09:12 AM
Personally, I'm curious what is going to be done when the filmmakers come to the Narnia book "A Horse and his Boy". In case you haven't read that one (or have forgotten it), that's the nasty one set in the pseudo-Islamic land of Calormen where evil men are dark-skinned, wear turbans and beards, fight with scimitars, and of course worship Tash, who is of course none other than Satan himself. That's sure to help us win trust in Iraq.



#52054: — 12/05  at  09:21 AM
Or how will they handle the big confrontation in The Silver Chair, where the hero and heroine defeat the evil witch by insisting that they believe in things that they have no evidence for, because... er, because the imaginary things are nice, basically.
Or The Last Battle, where the foolish atheists are so foolish that they refuse to see heaven, even when its all around them (how that fits with the previous argument I've no idea), and thinking about boys and make-up and icky stuff like that is enough to get a girl barred from heaven.



's avatar #52055: — 12/05  at  09:22 AM
I remember liking The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe enough to look up the rest of the series. I liked some of the rest, like The Voyage of the Dawn Treader, but reading the last book just turned me off the whole thing. It was like being suddenly mugged by a friend. I even tried re-reading it in case I was missing something, which I was, of course, since I didn't know that it was an allegory of anything.

The imagery of the whole of Narnia being wiped out by Aslan was quite striking, but the afterlife of Narnia seemed a very poor replacement fantasy for the fantasy that was in the books, and it didn't make a lot of sense. I mean, replacing a fantasy with another fantasy? I couldn't figure out what Lewis was up to. Eh, I was quite young at the time.



's avatar #52056: Raven — 12/05  at  09:27 AM
I dunno--having only seen the poster, I have to say I'd be willing to put up with a lot of dreck if the payoff was that I got to ride around in a chariot pulled by polar bears.



#52057: — 12/05  at  09:27 AM
I'm an atheist and have been since a pretty young age. I also love the Narnia books - they enthused me with a great passion for reading. I think the current anti Narnia comments going around in elements of the atheistic community really are a fuss about nothing.

Are some atheists so afraid, so worried about the power of our arguments, that they attack a simplistic book with a religious theme? Its thoroughly depressing.



#52058: julia Hendricks — 12/05  at  09:30 AM
I don't know if you've read Lewis' apologetics, but the boy's school anglicanism of the books tracks his religious views pretty closely.

He was apparently equally narrow and rigid in his personal life, until he met the lady he later married despite it being against the rules.

Tolkein apparently never spoke to him again after that, whether because he was disturbed by the hypocrisy or the apostasy I could never tell.



#52060: buck — 12/05  at  09:32 AM
I remember picking up 'The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe' right after I finished reading the Lord of the Rings trilogy. I was looking for other literary works of fantasy coz I'd liked LOTR so much. I'd just read about the inklings while reading up on Tolkien, and Lewis appeared to be a safe bet.

To say that I was underwhelmed would be an understatement. I found the book so crappy, and the Christian allusions so simplistic and overt, that I didn't touch any other books in the Narnia series.



#52061: Steve — 12/05  at  09:36 AM
Conversely, I really liked the books... then again I was 8 or so at the time, I didn't get the Christian allegories... we'll see how it goes. A lot of us in our godless circle are looking forward to the movie, poor representation of Christianity or not. Though it could be biased childhood remembrances...



's avatar #52062: PZ Myers — 12/05  at  09:42 AM
Hold it: my anti-Narnia sentiments have nothing to do with the religion. As I said above, I disliked the books when I first read them, when I was both a church-goer/sunday school kid/acolyte, and while failing to recognize the religious messages.

It's not as if boycotts are being organized. Some of us are just saying we didn't think much of the books and we're not too enthusiastic about the movie.

PZ Myers
Division of Science and Math
University of Minnesota, Morris



#52063: — 12/05  at  09:42 AM
C.S. Lewis as a facilitator of atheism? I'll have to wrestle w/ that one for a while.

I read some of the books as a child, and hardly remember them at all. I made two tries at reading them to my daughter, but she was obviously bored by them. I may have another crack at them myself--or not; I don't see much urgency here.

I may be alone in the world in thinking that Lewis's best book is his ENGLISH LITERATURE IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY, a volume of the Oxford History of English Literature. You realize upon perusing it that Lewis read EVERYTHING written in English in the sixteenth century, as well as being at home in Latin, Ancient Greek, French, and Italian. Upon rereading it years later, I decided that he was too prone to a kind of glib, clever phrase-making in place of real criticism; but his enthusiasm for what he read was, and is, infectious. His chapter on Spenser made me sit down and read a good chunk of Spenser (not enough to get through the Faerie Queene; but I decided then, and still believe that Spenser's Epithalamium is simply the most beautiful poem ever written about getting married). The point of this lengthy digression? Forget Lewis the tedious, 2nd-rate Christian apologist. He should be remembered as one of the greatest literary historians of the twentieth century.



#52064: — 12/05  at  09:43 AM
"Are some atheists so afraid, so worried about the power of our arguments, that they attack a simplistic book with a religious theme?"

Why would you think fear is a motivation? You're sounding trollish.



#52065: — 12/05  at  09:49 AM
In my (pre-Christian) childhood I loved the Narnia books. It wasn't until after my teen-age conversion that I realized the Christian allegory. I think I re-read them for that a couple of times -- then left them alone for about 25 years. I recently (post-apostasy) re-read them, and had a mixed reaction: nostalgia for my uncomplicated childhood enjoyment of them, along with annoyance at the moralizing preachiness, and a realization of the dramatic "thinness" of some of it (particularly TLTW&TW, where all the action seems to happen within about 48 hours, flat). Kid-lit that's really only enjoyable to kids (unlike eg. _The Hobbit_ or the Pullman series. The latter, while not without its weaknesses, is a better, richer story).

I will certainly see the TLTW&TW movie, just for the sake of a book I once loved, and enjoy it or not on its cinematic merits. Yes, I know the fundies will be making a big deal over it -- but then look what they said about "March of the Penguins": anything is grist for that mill. I will be interested to see just how prominent the religious message is. Having seen the ad for the video game, I'm not so sure this is going to be the evangelistic phenomenom some are hoping for. And anything that becomes the subject of MacDonald's kids toys, has descended to the ridiculous (gosh, even I find that objectionable).

Concerning some of the criticisms of the Narnia oeuvre, eg. Pullman's: I think they're taking things way too seriously. Yes, they are sexist -- unusually so for their time? And racist, in a way that pushes too many buttons in our current circumstances -- but again, in the context of the time of writing? (For that matter, so are Tolkien's Southrons). All regrettable, of course -- but I have a tough time seeing them as the mind-warping propaganda Pullman et al deplore them as.

Note re The Horse and His Boy: Don't recall where I read this (maybe the BBC website), but they are only making five Narnia films. TH&HB and The Magician's Nephew will be omitted (but don't trust me too much on that).



#52066: — 12/05  at  09:49 AM
Norman Vincent Peale. Fargin' Grauniad.



#52067: Kate — 12/05  at  09:51 AM
I read and loved the Narnia books when I was young. I tried re-reading them a few years ago and could barely get through The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe because of its sexism. Interesting to read your and others' takes here, because it's validating. I was excited to see the Narnia movie, but I'd had no idea it was made by Disney. Ick.

PZ, I especially appreciate your take on class in the Narnia books.

I recently read two other series from my childhood that I would highly recommend: the Earthsea series by Ursula K. Le Guin (don't let that bad Sci Fi Channel miniseries put you off) and Robin McKinley's two books The Hero and the Crown and The Blue Sword. I truly found them wonderful, and I always love Le Guin's take on gender and race.

Also, about the Wheel of Time series: I managed to force myself through all the series and am about an hour away from finishing #11. While books 6-10 were pretty bad, I would recommend reading some synopses of those books (you can find them at Dragonmount) so that you can read #11. It's Jordan writing well again -- and only one book away from the end of the series. In the end, it was worth it because I'm really enjoying #11.

And now I want that Phil Pullman series several people have mentioned...



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