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Sunday, August 21, 2005

Politicized Scholars…

I have mixed feelings about the latest NYT story on Intelligent Design creationism. On the one hand, it does clearly state how politicized the Discovery Institute is, describes the religious sources of their funding and how some charitable institutions find the DI repugnant, and gives a decent account of the Institute's history. On the other hand, Arthur Silber dislikes it intensely, and I can see why. It also allows a gang of pseudoscientific frauds to state their message loudly on the pages of a fairly prestigious newspaper. Even the title is objectionable: "Politicized Scholars Put Evolution on the Defensive". The first word is good, but it's all downhill from there. They are not scholars, except in the loosest sense of the word. They have most emphatically not put evolution on the defensive; evolutionary biology is completely untouched by their posturings. Some biologists are on the attack now, because the creationists have made political gains in damaging public school education in biology. Basically, this article gave the creationists free rein to repeat their lies over and over again, such as that they are funding actual research. Carl Zimmer, while acknowledging that the article is a "useful overview", rips that claim apart.

A search for "Intelligent Design" on PubMed yields 22 results--none of which were published by anyone from the Discovery Insittute. There are a few articles about the political controversy about teaching it in public schools, and some papers about constructing databases of proteins in a smart way. But nothing that actually uses intelligent design to reveal something new about nature. ScienceDirect offers the same picture. (I'm not clever enough with html to link to my search result lists, but try them yourself if you wish.)

Here's another search: "Discovery Institute" and "Seattle" (where the institute is located). One result comes up: a paper by Jonathan Wells proposing that animal cells have turbine-like structures inside them. It describes no experiments, only a hypothesis.

Perhaps the other prominent fellows of the Discovery Institute (Michael Behe, Stephen Meyer, and William Dembski) have published scientific papers that have a bearing on intelligent design, without identifying their affiliation. Aside from a couple letters to the editor, the databases yielded only one paper, in which Behe offers a simple model of gene duplication and expresses doubt that new genes could evolve by this process. Given that other scientists have published 2266 papers exploring gene duplication's role in evolution, it's safe to say that his is not a view held by most experts.

That's the kind of response I would have expected from the NYT—when someone says, "$792,585 financed laboratory or field research in biology, paleontology or biophysics, while $93,828 helped graduate students in paleontology, linguistics, history and philosophy", don't just report it, investigate and follow through and see where the money is actually going, because it sure isn't funding real science.

There are a few errors of fact that you should expect to see dismantled on The Panda's Thumb soon, and I was also surprised to see this statement fly by unchallenged:

…the institute has opposed legislation in Pennsylvania and Utah that pushes intelligent design, instead urging lawmakers to follow Ohio's lead.

They are setting Ohio as an example to follow? The Ohio situation is a clear case of biased backroom politicking, in which corrupt ideologues maneuvered to override the recommendations of qualified scientists and educators to impose anti-scientific changes on Ohio school curricula. Why not point out in an article on "politicized scholars" that they are representing the worst of politics, using croneyism and dishonesty to squirt their slime in through the back door? The Discovery Institute is very good at that, I will admit.

I won't be as harsh on the article as Arthur Silber…yet. There's supposed to be a second article in the series coming up, which I presume will express the views of real scientists and will attempt to counter the facade of "scholarship" the DI put up in the first one. I do wish the reporter had been more thorough in dismissing those claims in this first one, though.


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Comments:
#36778: davidm — 08/21  at  04:37 PM
That the NYT article did a poor job of bringing up the contradiction between the DI's claim of being a scientific institution, and the reality of their religious foundation.

Being religious is not a damning problem for the DI. Being dishonest is. While the article did a fairly good job of laying out the DI's story, it did a poor job of playing that against their purported purpose.


But, PZ, that's why this is the first of a series of articles. The first article was intended to rip the mask off DI. And that's what it did. I can see how you might think that to be insufficient if this article were the only article, but it's not.

Arthur, your points are well-taken, but irrelevant to this particular issue.



Trackback: The Institutional Love Child of Ayn Rand and ... Tracked on: Newton's Binomium (72.9.234.70) at 2005 08 21 16:39:40
The New York Times has published a piece about the Discovery Institute (DI), the "think" tank behind most intelligent design creationism (ID) "related activities"...



's avatar #36779: PZ Myers — 08/21  at  04:46 PM
And I keep saying that's why I have mixed feelings about it. I can't say whether I'm happy with it on the basis of this article, until I've seen the rest of the series.

PZ Myers
Division of Science and Math
University of Minnesota, Morris



#36780: — 08/21  at  04:51 PM
You'll like this one: Intelligent design lacks intelligence by Diane Carman, Denver Post columnist



#36781: — 08/21  at  04:56 PM
A Life With No Purpose

GEORGE MONBIOT
OutlookIndia.com
...
The controversy fascinates me. This is partly because of its similarity to the dispute about climate change. Like the climate change deniers, the advocates of intelligent design cherry-pick the data that appear to support their case. They ask for evidence, then ignore it when it’s presented to them. They invoke a conspiracy to explain the scientific consensus, and are unembarrassed by their own scientific illiteracy. In an article published in the American Chronicle on Friday, the journalist Thomas Dawson asserted that "all of the vertebrate groups, from fish to mammals appear [in the fossil record] at one time" and that if evolution "were true, there would be animal life fossils of particular animals without vision and others with varying degrees of eye development … Such fossils do not exist."(8) (The first fish and the first mammals are in fact separated by some 300 million years, and the fossil record has more eyes, in all stages of development, than the CIA).
...



's avatar #36783: PZ Myers — 08/21  at  04:57 PM
Hey! I was just about to post something about the Carman editorial.

PZ Myers
Division of Science and Math
University of Minnesota, Morris



#36809: coturnix — 08/21  at  10:41 PM
The second article in the series is now up:
http://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/22/national/22design.html



#36814: — 08/22  at  12:01 AM
Kenneth Chang's piece in the NYT today is much more satisfying than Wilgoren's. It's an interesting contrast: Chang writes on science, Wilgoren on politics. Chang has a knack of using fairly simple prose without dumbing down the concepts, and lets 'mainstream biologists' beat the living pucky out of the Discovery Institute.

It touches on all the issues that IDers cite, and lets the real scientists get the best lines. (The IDers, with their 'cool' and 'lame', sound unserious.) And the last few grafs are priceless.



#36836: — 08/22  at  06:27 AM
Wait 'til you see today's installment, by Kenneth Chang. It makes Dembski and Behe look like paragons of scientific integrity.

Gaaah.



#36837: — 08/22  at  06:36 AM
Meyer is quioted as saying:
"Imagine you're an archaeologist and you're looking at an inscription, and you say, Well, sorry, that looks like it's intelligent but we can't invoke an intelligent cause because, as a matter of method, we have to limit ourselves to materialistic processes, "

Note how in a scientific world view, actions of humans are materialistic process and how Meyer doesn't seem to get that. (Or rather, he's likely brushing it under the table.



#36838: spencer — 08/22  at  06:42 AM
The ID-friendly tone of this second article doesn't surprise me one bit. Wasn't it just a few months ago that the Times' editors proclaimed a need to change their editorial focus somewhat, so that they could better pander to - er, I'm sorry, I clearly meant "so that they could produce journalism that is relevant to" - people of faith, military families, and the NASCAR crowd?

This is just Step One.



#36841: davidm — 08/22  at  06:54 AM
How is the tone of it "ID-friendly"?



#36843: Alon Levy — 08/22  at  07:09 AM
The second article is a classic example of he-said-she-said reporting. 70 biologists doubt evolution, the article quotes the DI as saying. What it doesn't say is that about 350 biologists named Steve don't. Whereas the first article makes it clear that the DI's purposes are political, with science only serving as a convenient cover, the second article really gives the DI equal time.



#36844: — 08/22  at  07:14 AM
I just read the second NYT article... the author was polite to Behe, Dembski, and ID proclaimers in general--but he didn't pull his punches. Chang makes it perfectly clear: here are the claims of ID proponents, and here's what science says. Scientific statements are presented in concrete language, including a brief but fairly good layman's explanation of what actually happened during the Cambrian Explosion.

As a previous commenter mentioned, the last few paragraphs are a neutral-toned but deliberately aimed shot at Behe's credibility.

Dr. Behe said that if he was correct, then the E. coli in Dr. Lenski's lab would evolve in small ways but never change in such a way that the bacteria would develop entirely new abilities.

In fact, such an ability seems to have developed.


I vastly prefer this article to the first one.



#36846: davidm — 08/22  at  07:20 AM
It is he-said-she-said reporting, but the presumption is that the reader will be intelligent enought to draw their own conclusions from the facts and opinions that are presented. For instance, you note that the article quotes DI as saying that 70 biologists doubt evolution. But, look at how the paragraph containing that information begins:
Although a vast majority of scientists accept evolution...
So, the reader is given to understand that evolutionary theory is rock-solid among scientists. And the article repeatedly uses the pharse "mainstream scientists," implicity putting ID on the fringe.



#36847: — 08/22  at  07:23 AM
Even as the "DI's turn" part of a muti-parter it's still appalling. The press's stubborn adeherence to the convention that there are always two "sides" to every "controversy", both of which the reporter is to allow to have their respective innings, is death to competent science journalism. And indeed to any story with actual technical content, eg. the undue respect with which the Bush Adminstration's many economic whoppers are treated (not to mention, as Arthur Silber notes, the prewar "intelligence" about Iraq's "weapons). American journalism is brain-dead.



#36849: davidm — 08/22  at  07:27 AM
Steve, I find it curious that you and others wish to focus on "he-said-she-said," without noting that every claim of ID was sledgehammered in this article. Irreducible complexity, information theory, gaps in the fossil record, the argument to the Cambrian Explosion: all refuted.



#36852: — 08/22  at  07:34 AM
I'm sorry, it's just not good enough to treat their nonsense with respect in one article and then "sledgehammer" it in the next. To the scientifically naive reader (and yes, even the NYT has plenty of those), this is too easily interpreted as a case of "duelling experts", where you can take your pick of which "side" to believe. I guarantee that the DI guys laugh all the way to the bank about this "sledgehammering"; they know there's no such thing as bad publicity.



#36855: — 08/22  at  07:48 AM
If you want a brilliant one-article dissection of ID, see the New Yorker article ("Devolution" by H. Allen Orr), from May 30:


http://www.refuseandresist.org/culture/art.php?aid=2028



#36857: davidm — 08/22  at  07:51 AM
Steve, if there's no such thing as bad publicity, then this very blog is giving ID good publicity.



#36859: — 08/22  at  07:57 AM
I call red herring. With all due respect to pz's superb blog, it certainly doesn't have the credibility-boosting mojo in the wider world that the NYT has.



#36861: davidm — 08/22  at  08:09 AM
Steve, my point is that when you say "there's no such thing as bad publicity," then if that's true, any publicity for ID must, by definition, be good publicity.



#36862: — 08/22  at  08:15 AM
Behe profile in the Morning Call

Behe's first book on the subject, ''Darwin's Black Box,'' was published in 1996. He is working on a follow-up book.

So presumably he'll include a section on how well his examples from the first book have held up.

It says he teaches a freshman seminar at Lehigh covering Intelligent Design, where his own book is required reading.


'A lot of high-powered scientists have taken this on and, in my mind at least, have not answered my questions … All in all, it makes me feel pretty good about the status of intelligent design,'' Behe said.

Let me repeat a line from that quote of Monbiot:

They ask for evidence, then ignore it when it’s presented to them.



#36867: — 08/22  at  08:36 AM
Free version of the second NYT article by Kenneth Chang at the Herald Tribune

While Chang gives the scientific refutations, the amount of copy given to the IDC view is about equal.



#36870: davidm — 08/22  at  08:49 AM
That's true, but so what? The claims were refuted.

Having said that, I found the article disappointing in certain ways. It was good, but it could have been better.



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