Pharyngula

Pharyngula has moved to http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/

Tuesday, February 01, 2005

We're losing, you know

From the NY Times:

Dr. John Frandsen, a retired zoologist, was at a dinner for teachers in Birmingham, Ala., recently when he met a young woman who had just begun work as a biology teacher in a small school district in the state. Their conversation turned to evolution.

"She confided that she simply ignored evolution because she knew she'd get in trouble with the principal if word got about that she was teaching it," he recalled. "She told me other teachers were doing the same thing."

Even where evolution is taught, teachers may be hesitant to give it full weight. Ron Bier, a biology teacher at Oberlin High School in Oberlin, Ohio, said that evolution underlies many of the central ideas of biology and that it is crucial for students to understand it. But he avoids controversy, he said, by teaching it not as "a unit," but by introducing the concept here and there throughout the year. "I put out my little bits and pieces wherever I can," he said.

He noted that his high school, in a college town, has many students whose parents are professors who have no problem with the teaching of evolution. But many other students come from families that may not accept the idea, he said, "and that holds me back to some extent."

"I don't force things," Mr. Bier added. "I don't argue with students about it."

All true, and it has been true for a long time. Evolution wasn't mentioned even once in my high school days. Not once. It's ignored in my kids' high school.

And this despite the fact that…

There is no credible scientific challenge to the idea that all living things evolved from common ancestors, that evolution on earth has been going on for billions of years and that evolution can be and has been tested and confirmed by the methods of science.

And this despite the fact that…

These findings set the United States apart from all other industrialized nations, said Dr. Jon Miller, director of the Center for Biomedical Communications at Northwestern University, who has studied public attitudes toward science. Americans, he said, have been evenly divided for years on the question of evolution, with about 45 percent accepting it, 45 percent rejecting it and the rest undecided.

In other industrialized countries, Dr. Miller said, 80 percent or more typically accept evolution, most of the others say they are not sure and very few people reject the idea outright.

"In Japan, something like 96 percent accept evolution," he said. Even in socially conservative, predominantly Catholic countries like Poland, perhaps 75 percent of people surveyed accept evolution, he said. "It has not been a Catholic issue or an Asian issue," he said.

Indeed, two popes, Pius XII in 1950 and John Paul II in 1996, have endorsed the idea that evolution and religion can coexist. "I have yet to meet a Catholic school teacher who skips evolution," Dr. Scott said.

It's also no consolation to tell you all that they are coming for you next.

But several experts say scientists are feeling increasing pressure to make their case, in part, Dr. Miller said, because scriptural literalists are moving beyond evolution to challenge the teaching of geology and physics on issues like the age of the earth and the origin of the universe.

"They have now decided the Big Bang has to be wrong," he said. "There are now a lot of people who are insisting that that be called only a theory without evidence and so on, and now the physicists are getting mad about this."

Look at us. We should be so ashamed. This country is an embarrassment.

"Wise men lay up knowledge, but the babbling of a fool brings ruin near."
"But I say that wisdom is better than might, though the poor man's wisdom is despised, and his words are not heeded. The words of the wise heard in quiet are better than the shouting of a ruler among fools. Wisdom is better than weapons of war, but one sinner destroys much good."

We've got to change tactics. We need to get much more aggressive in forcing these issues in our schools—it's like watching whole generations of our kid spiralling down the drain.


Trackback url: http://pharyngula.org/index/trackback/1871/0TLQD8pg/

Comments:
#14984: — 02/01  at  03:22 PM
'Surprisingly, this is a good post. My unintelligent view is that evolution and design/creationism/whatever are not mutually exhaustive. But, so what.'


Thats not really the point. It's what can be and has been proved.

Not to mention on side doesn't care about proof thinking they are corect 100% of the time.



#14985: — 02/01  at  03:32 PM
So why not promote “teaching the controversy”, as the Discovery Institute folks want.

Because there is no controversy to teach. It's as simple as that. There is no scientific controversy about evolutionary theory. The only controversy is a religious one that has nothing to do with the actual evidence for life's origins. As such, that controversy has no place in science classes.

The entire objection to teaching evolution in schools starts from the premise that some people dislike the implications of evolutionary theory before the evidence is weighed in the balance. That's about as unscientific as you can get.

And don't get me started on the fact that kids will be taught the basic idea of evolutionary theory without learning about all the little wrinkles and unresoved questions in the field. This happens all the time in education. When I started junior high, we thought about atoms as solid balls of matter. That's a great way of explaining how metals behave in terms of malleability and ductility, or the different allotropes of carbon. Then we started considering that the atom consists of elctrons whizzing round a nucleus, which helped explain other things. At that time no one thought to ask the teacher how all the protons stick together in the nucleus, and I doubt our teacher would have been up to explaining the strong nuclear force anyway. Then we learned that electrons do not always behave like particles either - they can have wave properties. When I finished high school, we had just started to learn about the Bohr wave model of the hydrogen atom, and how this could explain hydrogen spectra. In my first year at university, we started on the Schrodinger wave equation. That's an entirely appropriate way to teach science, and it applies to biology just as much as physics.



#14986: — 02/01  at  03:43 PM
It is funny that the Catholic church has no problem with evolution. They have many archaic notions that defy logic and common sense, and are scriptually wrong but that doesn’t matter as they view the bible with suspition anyway. But in this matter you must give them kudo’s.


Who is kudo? Give them kudo's what?



#14987: TheSquire — 02/01  at  03:48 PM
I went to a catholic HS and one of the first hand-outs we got in freshman biology was a sheet outlining how religion and evolution didn't conflict. I still have it with me.

I have to agree with Ed about teaching the facts first. Most people who object to evolution haven't actually learned about it or they have misconceptions about it. In order to have a rational discussion about the "controversy," the kids need to actually know what they both sides are saying.

Not to start a religious discussion here, but DC, I think your statement about "hearing the propaganda and not the truth" might apply to your view of Catholicism.



#14988: — 02/01  at  03:51 PM
Sadly, Cornelia Dean’s article accurately describes both what is practiced today and what has been practiced since at least the time of the Scopes trial, although I can only speak from my studies of the period from Scopes to the ‘60’s, and by personal experience from the ‘60’s to the mid ’90’s when I retired from textbook publishing.

The most widely used science textbooks in this country, and by extension the classroom teachers, omit almost any mention of evolution until high school biology and have done so for at least a century. If you don’t believe me, look at the science book your kid drags home, or visit your local school and ask to see their science texts. From the time of the Scopes trial until the ‘60’s, evolution was not even mentioned in high school texts lest the publisher or the school incur the wrath of the fundies. Only in the ‘60’s, with the Soviet success with Sputnik, did the Federal government put money into curriculum development that created the Biological Science Curriculum Study at the University of Colorado. That group, under the aegis of many leading lights in biology, produced three basic high school texts (plus some other material). All covered evolution in detail. They did achieve some commercial success, but were almost never adopted in the Old South, where the fundies railed against them in state hearings (I was there catching their spears in public) and the schools were too gun shy to make them available. But even in New York State, where the state regents exam omitted evolution, none of the three made any headway. Other texts of the period did add evolution, but as the BSCS texts died commercially, coverage of evolution in other texts declined as well. Texts today do cover evolution, but I suspect that most teachers either touch on it only lightly or not at all. The result? Few adult Americans have ever been exposed to evolution (other than those who are biologists) with many concluding that they don’t know about it because it’s flawed science. If he attended public high school, I strongly suspect that Rick Santorum has never had a lesson in evolution. Dubya, having attended Phillips Academy at Andover, probably has, but only if he took biology, since Yale has historically required two lab sciences for admission. I suspect that even most of our representatives at the local, state, and federal level have never been exposed to a genuine lesson in evolution taught by a biology major. And they’re setting policy!

When I was producing textbooks in the early ‘70’s, we had one earth science text under development. To try it out before committing ourselves to publication, I recruited schools and teachers to teach from it for a year. One of my hurdles was getting enough schools who were willing to cover evolution and would accept an "Old earth" scenario, and teachers in them who were similarly inclined. This was a problem. Some schools very much wanted to be a part of the pilot, but they were politically fearful of teaching evolution or an "old Earth." In two cases, even after the school committed, I found out the teacher using the trial material was a fundy who believed in creationism and would not teach evolution. Both teachers were "certified" earth science teachers, whatever that might mean! Anecdotally, that captures what we face today.

Biology, the discipline, and the ACLU may win the court cases—the large high profile symbols—but the fundies and the ID crowd are winning and have long been winning at the grass roots level. We need to change that. I'd even be willing to cede them the high profile symbols, provided evolution won at the grass roots. Anyone want to start a revolution?

I’m not sure what the answer is, but there are times when I think we need to start a corps of evolution police to ensure that biology from elementary through high school is taught in its entirety. The European and Japanese experience surely shows that kids are capable of grasping the subject, if given the exposure. We just have an anti-science, anti-intellectual, anti-evolution mind set that infects the entire nation and need to do something about it.

Sorry for the rant, but I thought it relevant to Dean’s Times article. I also have thoughts about teaching rational analysis and critical thinking skills, which are, in may ways, far more important than evolution, but in which our public and private schools for the most part fail miserably. I’ve had some experience publishing texts that address that but with poor long term results. But I’ll leave that for another post.



#14990: — 02/01  at  04:01 PM
As a US citizen raised in Britain, I find all this deeply embarrassing. I'm younger than the other Britons here (I'm a dual citizen, if you must know) and I went to a public (ie private) school, so my experience wasn't the same. Nonetheless I was taught a lot of evolution and evolution related material (up to GCSE, when I dropped biology). Interestingly, my school was technically a Christian school, having been founded in 1390 something to help poor scholars become priests. But if you were to raise the topic of creationism you'd get laughed out of the room.

My foreign-based liberal instincts make me want to make the fact that America is totally isolated on this issue the centrepiece of the political argument. But I realise, especially after the election, that this is pretty much guaranteed to backfire. Which is in itself deeply depressing. A large proportion of the population, it seems, operates on the principle that if the rest of the world thinks something, it must be wrong. Because they're socialists, or something. But there must be some way to exploit the fact that heavily Catholic countries accept evolution, heavily Muslim countries accept evolution, heavily Judaic countries accept evolution, heavily Hindu countries acceptevolution, and heavily Buddhist countries accept evolution. Most people in the US aren't biblical literalists. There's no reason why people who aren't shouldn't accept evolution.



#14991: — 02/01  at  04:19 PM
I respectfullly disagree. I think the tactics of the defend-Darwin-at-all-costs crowd has helped stimulate the challenge by the ID crowd. I think more aggressive tactics will stimulate it more.

The history of this debate suggests otherwise. The irony of the Cre/Evo debate is that creationism is, well, evolving. It started out in its modern form as "scientific creationism" in the 60s, with books by Whitcomb and Morris and others. A series of smackdowns in court in 1982 and 1987 (and others) forced the creationists to abandon a literalist Biblical approach to pushing creationism, and to focus on a theory of Intelligent Design that (in public at least) is purged of religious overtones.

It goes like this. Creationists want to bring religion into science classes. Religion has no place in science classes. When creationism is challenged, they change their tactics and try again. They will continue to do this until one side gives up and lets the other side win. ID-ots want to put God in science classes. It's as simple as that.



#14995: — 02/01  at  05:22 PM
I attended an Episcopal school through early high school and received a fairly solid education on evolution -- though none at all at the public school I attended afterwards. The only explicitly anti-evolutionary view I've ever been exposed to came in an organic chemistry class in college (fittingly, I suppose, since the theology courses I took at the time were taught by Southern Baptist preachers who believed in evolution).

This, I think, is part of the larger case that most people don't have any understanding of science, an indictment of teachers at all levels. If a majority of Americans don't believe that vegetables contain genetic material (as per today's news report), then what percent understand *any* science at all?

I'd also suggest that Americans, and probably laypeople in general, hold science in reverence. After all, nobody says that you need to be a dispensationalist theologian (or an appellate trial lawyer, for that matter) to understand a tough subject -- it's a "rocket scientist" or a "brain surgeon." The perceived barriers to understanding science are so high that most people decide that they'll never be able to scale them, and thus view scientists with mingled reverence and suspicion -- an explosive combination.

Perhaps it would help if science writers and journalists focused less on results and more on process. Science is seen by most laypeople as a process of Big Discoveries, and thus they (A) don't understand *how* research in different disciplines is carried out; and (B) *why* the Little Failures are as important as the Big Discoveries. When people understand the limits of a discipline, they're more likely to understand its capabilities, as well.



#14996: — 02/01  at  05:22 PM
Ginger Yellow: If war broke out between the US and Britain, what side would you be on? If the US, then you are an American and we welcome your strengths and loyalty. If Britain, then you are an economic opportunist and should get the fuck out.*

*Don't let the door hit you in the ass.

If you are an American, then I'm sure you share these sentiments.



#14998: — 02/01  at  05:36 PM
Wow, Richard, that was a really stupid post.



#14999: paperwight — 02/01  at  05:40 PM
That was a particularly bellicose and jingoistic post from Richard. He's done better. I've seen it.

Of course, as in every thread, I'm anxiously awaiting Harry Eagar to turn up and do some kind of comparison to the eeeeevil Mohammedans.



#15000: — 02/01  at  05:44 PM
What sort of twit would pick a war with the British?

On the other hand, what sort of twit would pick a war with the science that brings healing to medicine?

Um, maybe that's the same hand. I think I see the problem.



#15002: — 02/01  at  06:28 PM
Oh I thought Ginger Yellow was an American living in Britain. If so, he probably only goes to America to visit relatives and take advantage of your Bush-crippled economy to buy some discount goods!

And if Britain and the US went to war, I don't think it would much matter whose side anyone was on, as the nukes would put an end to both sides fairly rapidly.

I also think you've been watching too many Mel Gibson movies. In real life, we're not all bad guys. Honest!



#15003: — 02/01  at  06:52 PM
In real life, we’re not all bad guys. Honest!

Oh? So why is it that so many bad guys in James Bond movies are British? Huh?



#15005: — 02/01  at  07:27 PM
They're not. James Bond is British, the bad guys are Russian! It's all the other films where the bad guys are British. I think hollywood works by the Yanks taking credit for British achievements (eg U-571) and blaming all the ills of the world on us. It's just another form of racism!

Anyway at least we're not a bunch of fundie creationists like you lot!



#15007: paperwight — 02/01  at  07:32 PM
Actually, Bond is also sometimes Scottish and sometimes Irish. Now, there's a couple groups of people who should think the British are villains.



#15008: — 02/01  at  07:42 PM
Ginger Yellow said,
Heavily Catholic countries accept evolution, heavily Muslim countries accept evolution, heavily Judaic countries accept evolution, heavily Hindu countries acceptevolution, and heavily Buddhist countries accept evolution...
Yes, well... every Christian in this country thinks that those other country's religious folk are going straight to hell.

Unfortunately, this fact nullifies your (otherwise logical) reasoning:
There's no reason why people who aren't [biblical literalists] shouldn't accept evolution.
As of yet - in the USA - the propositions for any compatibility between science and religion are null and void, as well.

This grave situation which may ultimately merit the utilization of (otherwise) drastic methodologies.

Once in a while you get shown the light, in the strangest of places if you look at it right.

-Jerry Garcia



#15009: Jan Theodore Galkowski — 02/01  at  07:43 PM
Alon Levy says in part:
If you worry for the future, then you should not concentrate on evolution.

Alon's point is right on. Take bitchphd's Lutheran friend: If she learned the material enough to pass it, I'd say she had learned critical thought. There's nothing wrong with skepticism but there's everything wrong with not knowing science.

But Richard says:
If war broke out between the US and Britain, what side would you be on?

(I may be missing some deep sarcasm here, and I hope I am, but if I'm not the following comments apply.)

Since when was how somebody would behave in a hypothetical war a litmus test of their true feelings or beliefs? It is simply an invalid means of forcing a dichotomy on a situation which is inherently not dichotomous. The most interesting opinions are close to the middle. If a dichotomy is forced, they'll land on one side or the other, pretty much randomly, with no gain of information. So what's the point?

Of course, you might say I'm an Anglophile -- although you'd be wrong -- as the most intelligent conversation and news I read and listen to comes from the BBC, The Economist, and the Financial Times. The coverage on BBC Five Live of the tsunami tragedy in human terms was simply terrific.

IMO, the problem of teachers refusing to get into controversial waters is less one of whether or not anti-evolution is winning and more of the decline of the "reality-based community". In short, employers have taught employees that embracing controversial opinions in the workplace has severe consequences for their careers, especially if such opinions might be contrary to the sentiment of management. It doesn't matter if the controversial opinions are right, in a legal, ethical, or moral sense.

The going sense in the States is that it's idiotic to put your job on the line for merely moral or legal reasons, let alone ethical ones. If that's the new sense of propriety here, it's completely understandable why teachers act the way they do, whatever they personally believe. That's why when I hear of teachers who resign rather than adopt a school board promulgated equivocation on some scientific subject, be it evolution or global warming, I am really heartened. But it is so rare.



#15010: — 02/01  at  07:44 PM
Don't forget: Thursday is National Okay to Fart At Breakfast Table Day!!!!!!



#15011: — 02/01  at  07:48 PM
hotrockhopper said,
Anyway, at least we’re not a bunch of fundie creationists like you lot!
Okay, okay. You've got us on that one.

However, I believe it is your Prime Minister who has been (and will be) smilingly licking a certain Fundie Creationist's Presidential balls.

It looks like we're in this together!

Uh, I mean... shit.

smile

Once in a while you get shown the light, in the strangest of places if you look at it right.

-Jerry Garcia



#15012: — 02/01  at  09:00 PM
So what, now we have to refer to rocks as God's droppings, and dinosaurs as Jesus horses (cred to Jimmy Fallon & SNL). I mean really, as long as students can fill in bubbles with pencils, what other knowledge could they possibly have a use for..



#15014: Bryson Brown — 02/01  at  09:30 PM
Richard: Take a pill, man. What makes it illegitimate to work and live somewhere other than the country you are most attached to? Why must everyone who moves to the U.S. become an 'American' in the knee jerk patriotic sense of that word?

Anyway, the right answer to 'what side would you be on' has got to be 'depends'! A future, fascist America could provoke a war-- or a future peaceful American paradise could be visciously attacked by lunatic limeys. But both are way-over-the-top, wild-eyed scenarios. (I hate to say it, but the first strikes me as marginally more plausible...) The point is that any form of 'patriotism' so reflexive that the answer does not depend on the circumstances is shameful and immoral.



#15015: Bryson Brown — 02/01  at  09:34 PM
Well, a more careful look at the previous material makes my last a little odd, since Richard's attack was on a US born dual citizen living in England. But the point stands: Unconditional loyalty is no better in morals than blind faith in epistemology.



#15019: — 02/01  at  10:20 PM
I had high school biology in the late 60's in California, and we covered evolution very well, I thought. Until I read Keanus' post above, I'd thought that we had fallen away from a time when we were a little more fearless and forthright.

As it happens we used the BSCS texts. I suspect that our teacher would have covered evolution even with a different text; he did sex education as well. There may have been some squeamishness about sex, but I don't remember any controversy about evolution.

I'm not sure how one would usefully go about teaching "critical thinking" without teaching science. Don't theologists consider their own thinking critical, even when it leads it what appear to be nonsensical conclusions?

If we're to teach intelligent design it should not be as part of biology. Perhaps a general science course could include it in a separate unit along with geocentric astronomy.



#15025: — 02/01  at  11:36 PM
Perhaps the answer is not how are we going to stick it to the creationists and keep ID out of public school, but where are we going to get the money to send all our kids to Christian private schools? (he says only half seriously)



Page 2 of 5 pages  <  1 2 3 4 >  Last »

Next entry: A glimpse of Kansas

Previous entry: Newman vs. Mooney

<< Back to main

Info

email PZ Myers
Search
Archives
UMM—America's best public liberal arts college