Pharyngula

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Sunday, April 24, 2005

Yay! I'm in the Star Tribune!

I've got an op-ed in today's Star-Tribune. I've put the unedited version below the fold, not that they made any significant changes in the published version.

Intelligent Design (ID) has failed to meet even the minimal standards of evidence and scholarship we should expect of the science we teach our children. Teaching it steals time from more vital subjects in which our kids should be grounded.

Science is a conservative process. Most college-level introductory textbooks contain only material that has stood the test of time and has been confirmed independently. ID proponents have not only failed to provide any evidence for their thesis, they aren't even trying. There are no labs doing research on this subject; all the papers the Discovery Institute has tried to publish are exercises in spin, in which they try to distort biology researchers' work to fit their preconceptions. With no established body of results, no current work, and no promising prospects for future research, why should ID be supported? It's a dead end. It is absurd to propose that our kids learn about a subject that no legitimate scientists are pursuing and that has no utility.

With no track record to earn the respect of scientists and educators, ID is attempting to circumvent the accepted standards of testing and validation to sneak into our schoolrooms—it's cheating. It takes a great deal of hard work and persistence and time and evidence to establish a scientific idea, work that should not be shirked by taking the easy route and asking the government to legislate a concept into the schoolrooms. Yet this is exactly the strategy ID proponents are following: spreading propaganda to persuade school boards and state education departments to insert the ideological dogma of ID into classrooms, in the absence of support from scientists and informed science teachers.

Contrast ID with how legitimate scientific work gets into the curriculum. There is an active ferment of new ideas, new experiments, and new evidence constantly bubbling up in the scientific literature. Many controversies work themselves out in the pages of Nature or Science or other journals, and prompt hypothesis testing and the gathering of new evidence. If an idea is well-supported by the evidence, it gains wider currency within the scientific community, and eventually works its way into the science textbooks, which are usually written by people with a solid research background in their discipline. Biology books are written by biologists, not by the hodge-podge of lawyers, philosophers, theologians, rhetoricians, and rare scientists willing to abandon scientific principles found in the ID movement. Textbook content should accurately reflect the general opinion of the scientists who do real work in a field.

And what is the state of modern evolutionary biology? Thriving, growing, and more productive than ever. To name a few examples, in paleontology within the last year, we've had the amazing discoveries of Homo floresiensis, the Indonesian "hobbit", and remarkable finds from Dmanisi, Georgia. The human genome project, and genome projects analyzing other organisms, has been yielding research dividends as this wealth of data is analyzed from an evolutionary and comparative perspective. We are beginning to tease apart the genetic differences that make human brains different than those of chimpanzees. Molecular studies of protists are revealing the roots of multicellularity. We study oncogenes, genes that when damaged can cause cancers in humans, in nematode worms. Epidemiologists study looming disease threats, such as bird flu and the Marburg virus, using evolutionary principles.

My own discipline of developmental biology has been revolutionized in the last few decades as we've embraced evolution more fully than before; new papers in the rapidly growing field of evo-devo, or evolutionary developmental biology, pile up on my desk faster than I can read them. This is a genuinely exciting time to be studying biology, at a time when new syntheses of various disciplines with the ideas of evolutionary biology are fueling new innovations, new discoveries, and invigorating evolution yet further. When students ask me about the hot fields that promise great careers, I steer them towards evo-devo (and developmental biology in general, of course), bioinformatics, proteomics, and genomics, all fields in which knowledge of evolution is indispensable.

Note that I do not and cannot recommend anything to do with ID.

ID is a sterile philosophy whose proponents spend their time lobbying school boards, producing nothing new, and with no promise of new ideas for the future. Asking our schools to teach ID is like suggesting that they offer instruction in buggy whip manufacture—it's a futile exercise that is going to leave the students unprepared for both college and the real world. As a university instructor, I want my incoming students to be well versed in the fundamentals of biology, which includes evolution but not the empty pseudoscience of ID, so that we can move quickly to the real excitement of modern biology...which is almost entirely informed by the concepts of evolution.


Trackback url: http://pharyngula.org/index/trackback/2206/bO7Lkr5T/

Comments:
#22903: mynym — 04/24  at  03:01 PM
"One also notes that he played the Nazi card, implying that those who challenge ID are behaving like Nazis."

I imply that those who believe in Naturalism are proto-Nazis, as that is based on accurate history. The pattern of ideas leads to a type of scholarship with a weakness. The weakness of proto-Nazi scholarship is a "...weakness...due not to inferior training but to the mendacity inherent in any scholarship that overlooks or openly repudiated all moral and spiritual values."
[url="http://mynym.blogspot.com/2004/11/some-history-for-those-who-are-prone.html"]
(Hitler's Proffessors: The Part of Scholarship in
Germany's Crimes against the Jewish People
By Max Weinreich (New York:The Yiddish
Scientific Institute, 1946) :7)[/url]

If it seems that I repeat myself it may be because the believers in scientism keep repeating the same memes over and oever.

Hmmm, the science geeks grow restless!
"...I snarled at him a bit, and he has gone away, never to return. He's kind of a shallow wimp."

Or so "says" the biochemical state of PZ's brain then, or is that text just some pixels on the screen according to Naturalism? If your brain cannot accept that messages have transphysical meaning or "spiritual" meaning, there is nothing left to say.



#22906: Orac — 04/24  at  03:44 PM
No, it seems more that you repeat yourself because you can't explain specifically what aspect of current day evolutionary theory is "weak" and why, using arguments based on observation, experimental evidence, and logic. So, instead, you rely on 60 year old tracts and blather on about "moral and spiritual value" and red herrings when you should be talking science.

I'm beginning to think PZ is probably correct about you. Certainly I'm not impressed by the piece you referred me to when you commented on my blog, nor am I impressed by your allusion to the Nazis, given that the Nazi "science" of "racial hygiene" that was supposedly based on "survival of the fittest" was in fact a distortion, even a perversion, of Darwin's original theory. Indeed, racial hygiene was little more than a pseudoscientific twisting of evolutionary principles and the developing field of genetics as a justification for using eugenic principles to eliminate people that the Nazis considered either enemies/competitors (the Jews), inferior (Jews, a variety of other races), or "useless eaters" (the mentally retarded, the mentally ill, alcoholics, etc.).

However, you could always prove both PZ and me wrong by producing substantive evidence supporting ID. Consider this your "open opportunity," as you put it.

--
Orac “A statement of fact cannot be insolent.”
http://oracknows.blogspot.com



Trackback: ID just is not science Tracked on: Skeptico (66.151.149.25) at 2005 04 24 16:59:07
PZ Meyers writing in the excellent Pharyngula (and an op-ed in the Star Tribune), explains simply and clearly why ID isn’t science. Unfortunately the Tribune also has a piece by a cretinist (not a typo) in the interests of “balance”.



#22911: — 04/24  at  05:17 PM
This should be fun. Let's paraphrase what mymyn says, and aplly it to a wide range of situations and come up with what mynym really thinks nazism is, and who modern nazis really are. Mynym's quote, "I imply that those who believe in Naturalism are proto-Nazis, as that is based on accurate history" is quite interesting. He is saying (and I am paraphrasing here, accurately, bot not precisely) that anyone who looks at facts and evidence presented in our world, and produces a theory or predictions based solely on it are well on their way to becoming nazis. That means that if we take our entire human body of knowledge on the rising and setting of the sun and notice that it always rises in the east and sets in the west, and form a theory, "that the earth revolves around its axis, in one direction, and thus tomorrow the prediction is that the sun will rise in the east and set in the west." Mynym would call anyone who believes that a proto-nazi, because they based that on entirely on naturalism. Furthermore, if you extend mynym's "theory" then by merely trying to cinvince others that come tomorrow the sun will rise in the east, you are engaged in building a new nazi reign.

Thus through that simple excercise, it becomes plain that mynym has no clue what actual nazism is, and is just throwing that term around towards anyone he disagrees with. Since he has no idea what nazism is, and is using it as a meaningless term of slander, then one could simply replace it with jabberwocky, such as rewriting his quote as "I imply that those who believe in Naturalism are bubclirains". Since "bubclirains" makes as much sense in this context of mynym's use of "nazis"

Mynym, since you have no idea what nazism is, I suggest you take a crash course from Wikipedia, and then sign up for a WWII history class at your local comunity college. Maybe then you could improve your arguments; bringing them up from the realm of "utter rubbish" to the more respectable realm of "comical silliness."



#22912: — 04/24  at  05:28 PM
sorry, my post ran long, so I only used one situation. Also I mispeled "apply"



#22914: — 04/24  at  05:37 PM
I'm really having fun with mynym's hypothesis. I just figured out how to turn the "proto-nazi" believers in a revolving earth into "real" scientists. First some "real" scientist must propose an alternative theory to the revolving earth that is not based on naturalism.... Thus I intorduce the Harlem Globetrotter Theory. There is some supernatural force out there that actually actively spins the earth on his finger in the same way that a Harlem Globetrotter spins a basketball on his finger. This new non-proto-nazi theory explains all the data just as effectively as the proto-nazi Naturalist theory, but includes the possibility of a supernatural force, and thus relieves us from the dreaded nazi-esque thinking of mere naturalism.

I'm going to set up a new institute to fight for including this new theory in science textbooks and in the classroom, and teach that the earth is God's Basketball. I will call this new institute the Globetrotter Research Institute, and I want to nominate mynym as our new CEO and lead PR person. Anyone else want to join the new GRI?



#22916: mynym — 04/24  at  05:41 PM
"No, it seems more that you repeat yourself because you can't explain specifically what aspect of current day evolutionary theory is "weak"..."

If I had to choose just one thing, it would be the biochemical evidence. But for the sake of this discussion I would choose another, so we can get right into things. A scholarship that dissolves itself by reveling in a misanthropic sort of tendency will be self-refuting.

"...and why, using arguments based on observation, experimental evidence, and logic."

I observe your words there. And I am supposed to take some meaning from them about a communication from your "mind"/brain that is derived from signs of its design. There are many naturalistic explanations, yet I doubt you will treat them as valid. Instead, you expect me to treat message theory and the like as valid. Yet if you are a thorough going Darwinist you will deny its validity in various other fields.

"So, instead, you rely on 60 year old tracts and blather on about "moral and spiritual value" and red herrings when you should be talking science."

Despite some of the dogmas that believers in scientism tend to adhere to, science itself points to the transphysical or metaphysical. So maybe that is what is worth talking about. Or perhaps, that is where "should" comes into things.

"I'm beginning to think PZ is probably correct about you."

Well, it seems that you believe pretty much whatever scientists say. Because they are scientific or somethin'. It's a good thing you weren't around in Germany in the 1930s, because biologists then said that all their opinions were scientific or somethin' too. Although they are not interested in what is true and instead what is "scientific," that's probably getting pretty close to being true by now. But since only those who know the jargon can know, you'll just have to trust the people who write the most esoteric jargon. For they must know.

"...racial hygiene was little more than a pseudoscientific twisting of evolutionary principles..."

You can't sit about venerating supposed "evolutionary principles" as if they did not have authors in their day. Who were some of the leaders of the Eugenics movement, Darwin's cousin and Darwin's son.

"It can be concluded, with a degree of assurance, that Darwin believed natural selection to have some bearing on social questions. In 1871 he published his own study of man, in which he asserted that biological evolution is applicable to man and to human culture (a chapter of The Descent of Man called “ Natural Selection as affecting Civilized Nations “ gives explicit approval of the transference of biological concepts to society. This chapter is of great interest in that it suggests many crude theories of racial and national supremacy (35), and in it modern liberals have found much to condemn (36). From it one could conclude—although Darwin did not—that a strict program of eugenics is necessary for the improvement of society:

'We civilized men... do our utmost to check the process of elimination; we build asylums for the imbecile, the mained and the sick; we institute poor-laws; and our medical men exert their utmost skill to save the life of everyone to the last moment.. Thus the weak members of civilized societies propagate their kind ... no one who has attended to the breeding of domestic animals will doubt that this must be highly injurious to the race of man ... excepting in the case of man himself, hardly anyone is so ignorant as to allow his worst animals to breed'

The fact that human nature is, and must always be, "red in tooth and claw" is frankly stated
Man, like every other animal, has no doubt advanced to his present high condition through a struggle for existence consequent on his rapid multiplication; and if he is to advance still higher, it is to be feared that he must remain subject to a severer struggle. Otherwise we would sink into indolence and the more gifted men would not be more successful in the battle for life than the less gifted (38)."
(Darwinism and Social Darwinism
James Allen Rogers
Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. 33, No. 2. (Apr. - Jun., 1972), pp. 265-280)

See also:
(Eugenics and Progressive Thought: A Study in Ideological Affinity
By Michael Freeden
The Historical Journal, Vol. 22, No. 3. (Sep., 1979), pp. 645-671)

"[No State will go as far] as we Eugenicists think is right in the direction of limiting the liberty of the subject for the sake of the racial qualities of future generations."
--Leonard Darwin, Cambridge University Eugenics Society 1912
cf. (Eugenics and Other Evils: An Argument Against the Scientifically Organized Society, By G.K. Chesterton :13)

Do you know how many peer reviewed articles eugenicists published, all scientific like? Plenty. The reason history is important to note is that the believers in scientism still adhere to the same style of arguments because they adhere to the same Naturalism, if not all of its implications. Chesterton notes their scientism, yet in the interest of space I won't go into it.

"However, you could always prove both PZ and me wrong by producing substantive evidence supporting ID...."

As I noted before, if you are willing to deny that words have a sort of transphysical meaning above their "substance" then there is truly nothing left to say. This is the sort of thing that caused Karl Kraus to comment on Hitler's rise to power: "When it comes to Hitler, I have nothing left to say." It's another play on words. I should note that I already referred you to evidence of design in flight, yet you apparently turn away.

If you do admit to some transphysical meaning which may not be "substantive evidence" to you represented somehow through the physical artifacts of your own text, as well as other's symbols and signs and the like then you have opened a door through which you are no longer a Naturalist. You might even have to part company with fellows who are one step from arguing that Nature selects their text for them by its natural selections, naturally enough.



#22917: coturnix — 04/24  at  05:47 PM
Enthusiasm for our own scientific disciplines...hmmm... enthusiasm is infectuous. Perhaps that is the key - when we get excited about our science IN PUBLIC (and not just in our labs, classrooms and conferences), the ID Creationists will obviously appear the droll uncreative curmudgeons as they are.



#22921: mynym — 04/24  at  06:01 PM
"He is saying (and I am paraphrasing here, accurately, bot not precisely) that anyone who looks at facts and evidence presented in our world, and produces a theory or predictions based solely on it are well on their way to becoming nazis."

No, I am saying that those who begin to venerate methodological naturalism can turn it into Naturalism, which then encompasses their entire philosophy, religion, etc. Their philosophy tends to be based on scientism and their religion, if they have one, turns into a form of Nature based paganism.

Example,
(The Nordic Pagan Chant Grows Louder
By Albion Rossberlin
The New York Times, Aug 4, 1935; pg. 3-4)

There are those who will not admit that methodological naturalism has indicated that Nature is fundamentally finite and not only that, but that methodological naturalism's increasingly certain answers are those of incompleteness and the like.

"...it becomes plain that mynym has no clue what actual nazism is..."

The best definition I have seen is that it is the practical and violent resistance to transcendence.

"This new non-proto-nazi theory explains all the data just as effectively as the proto-nazi Naturalist theory, but includes the possibility of a supernatural force, and thus relieves us from the dreaded nazi-esque thinking of mere naturalism."

One can attack the total view of Naturalism without denying all, most, or even all but one single naturalistic explanation. In fact, one only need deny that naturalistic explanation is lacking the absolute and total explanatory power to explain all observations one single time to fall outside of Naturalism. As one of the half-wits once put it, "We must not allow a divine foot in the door." It is those who believe in Naturalism who must maintain the ultimate explanatory power of naturalistic explanations in the face of all the evidence of a fundamentally finite Nature, etc.etc.

No one has to either deny or adhere to the ideas about "...the rising and setting of the sun..." one way or another to disagree with some fellows who like to murmur of "Science, science..." Doesn't the best associative argument go more like this, "What I just said is scientific. And that's like gravity or somethin'." anyway?

Besides, there is the possibility that the sun may blow up before tomorrow and then it would not rise.



#22925: — 04/24  at  06:12 PM
Dr. Myers, thanks for mentioning epidemiology in your ob-ed. I'm a biology alumnus from UMM who is now a working epidemiologist. Even though we don't talk explicitly about evolution very often it truly is the foundation of much of our work.

On May 6th I will be at UMM giving a presentation on epidemiology (11:45 in the Moccasin Flower Room). I would really enjoy having interested biology faculty and students come and contribute to the discussion.



#22926: murky — 04/24  at  06:25 PM
I don't know that it would be a good political or rhetorical strategy to do so, but why do we not out and say that ID is predominantly a BAD FAITH EFFORT--a sham concocted to wholly or partially displace an actual science from the curriculum of required education. Do any of us know or believe otherwise?



#22927: murky — 04/24  at  06:31 PM
Maybe I should be more explicit: By "bad faith" I mean conscious deceit, which to our adversaries and their supporters means sin. I say let them argue that God endorses their sinning and their ends-justifies-the-means ethics.



#22928: — 04/24  at  06:32 PM
"...it becomes plain that mynym has no clue what actual nazism is..."

The best definition I have seen is that it is the practical and violent resistance to transcendence.

I'm afraid this "mynym" program has just failed the Turing Test. As if PZ needs AI trolls here anyway... wink



#22929: — 04/24  at  07:05 PM
Add me to those complimenting you on the quality of this piece of writing.



#22931: — 04/24  at  07:18 PM
Murky, Pennock, in 'Tower of Babel,' does what you advocate.

Well, nynym may have explained why Nazis murdered Jews. Now that that's out of the way, we should ask him to explain why Christians did.



's avatar #22932: Virge — 04/24  at  07:28 PM
murky says:
I don't know that it would be a good political or rhetorical strategy to do so, but why do we not out and say that ID is predominantly a BAD FAITH EFFORT--a sham concocted to wholly or partially displace an actual science from the curriculum of required education. Do any of us know or believe otherwise?

I think you have seriously underestimated the power of groupthink.
From wikipedia:
Janis listed eight symptoms that he said were indicative of groupthink:

1. Illusion of invulnerability
2. Unquestioned belief in the inherent morality of the group
3. Collective rationalization of group's decisions
4. Shared stereotypes of outgroup, particularly opponents
5. Self-censorship; members withhold criticisms
6. Illusion of unanimity (see false consensus effect)
7. Direct pressure on dissenters to conform
8. Self-appointed "mindguards" protect the group from negative information


No, I don't think that ID is predominantly a bad faith effort. I think they truly believe.


Never planning to deceive,
Nor is he naive nor slow;
Ancient texts have been his lot--
Blind to what he doesn't know.

BTW, PZ--great writing.



#22934: murky — 04/24  at  09:14 PM
Strata and bones may trigger groans
But verse will never sway them



's avatar #22937: — 04/24  at  10:45 PM
If Creationist are sincere, as Virge hypothesizes above, they must assume that thousands of scientists in the last hundred and fifty years are not only wrong (i.e. incompetent) but that they are purposefully and consistently falsifying their research results.

Quod natura non sunt turpia



#22941: Hank Fox — 04/24  at  11:47 PM
Um, guys? I still think it's mental illness. An infectious condition of anti-reason.

Kinda doesn't matter whether they believe in ID, etc., or not. The crux of the matter is: What sort of damage are they doing? And how important is it to stop them?

Huh. Broadening the spotlight out to include all the fundie/neo-con fellow-travelers, I started mentally listing the areas in which the impacts of their silliness show up, and it's kinda spooky:

science
religion
education
health and medicine
history
democratic government
the economy
the environment
the communications industry
the news media
the energy industry
entertainment
personal freedoms
equality ...

Put fear and faith together, hand over to it the huge power that we humans are able to wield, and there's practically no limit to how much you can screw up.



's avatar #22944: Virge — 04/25  at  12:19 AM
jaimito says:
If Creationist are sincere, as Virge hypothesizes above, they must assume that thousands of scientists in the last hundred and fifty years are not only wrong (i.e. incompetent) but that they are purposefully and consistently falsifying their research results.

I think creationists would see it as drawing the wrong conclusions from the evidence. They may accuse some of falsifying results, but for the most part they content themselves with a militant scientific agnosticism--the idea that the evidence we uncover from the past can never be conclusive, because we weren't there. That idea saves them having to study any of the evidence or conclusions in detail, or examine how poorly their own hypotheses fit the observations. They rely on seeing it all clearly from heaven's perspective some time in the future.

One of the standard mind-tricks of the biblical literalist is to point to passages in the Bible that were previously thought to present logical inconsistencies, then to show how later thinkers had been able to harmonise them (usually through some tortuous and self-referential means) and thereby show that their god's ways were far above our puny human ways. "Ha! You thought you'd found an error, but God is smarter than you."

After that literalist's trick has been accepted as part of the creationist's tools of trade, you can point out any creationist inconsistency (either internal to their dogma or with natural observation) and they'll just defer to some future explanation when their god's higher ways become clearer to us.

Look also at how Janis' fourth observation applies:
"4. Shared stereotypes of outgroup, particularly opponents"
Creationists see scientists as being blinded, deluded, and pre-disposed to misinterpreting data. If confronted by questions about the huge majority of scientists who've all come to similar conclusions based on real evidence, they explain it as the work of "the deceiver". Point out that this huge majority includes a lot of Christians, and they'll label them as "liberal" and consider them to be under the influence of the deceiver's lies.

I don't think the creationist meme would have survived this long if all its proponents were being consciously dishonest. Strictly speaking, they may be lying to themselves, but it is in ways that are subtle enough that they don't realize they're being lied to.



's avatar #22945: Virge — 04/25  at  12:48 AM
I should point out that what I just wrote about creationists could be said to be a "stereotype of outgroup, particularly opponents". So the canny creationist could accuse us "evilutionists" of being victims of groupthink.

To defend against such an accusation, one should point to the process of science. Science encourages dissent. It values criticism. It isn't cohesive and insular. It leads to reproducible results.

Among the creationist crew, there could be some who are dishonest, and some who suspect they may be wrong but refuse to find out. Being able to sell books to millions of religious people would be a great motivator to ignore the nagging little voice of conscience. My previous post describes my impression of most of them, but can't be used to stereotype all of them.



#22946: Alon Levy — 04/25  at  02:14 AM
Nazism is very anti-intellectual, so blaming it on science is downright wrong. Hitler emphasized several times that the enemy was the internationalist-materialist-communist-liberal-Jewish conspiracy. The myths created by Nazism don't even pretend to be scientific or naturalistic, which starkly contrasts with communism, which paints itself as scientific. Furthermore, when Hitler faced accusations of anti-Catholicism due to his constant criticism of the Catholic Center Party of Weimar Germany he insisted that he was a devout Catholic and only attacked the Catholics because they associated with an atheistic, materialistic political system. Blaming Hitler on naturalism is like saying capitalism must be bad because it spawned communism.



#22953: — 04/25  at  04:01 AM
Blaming Hitler on naturalism is like saying capitalism must be bad because it spawned communism.


Or saying that Christianity is bad because it lead to the Crusades, the Inquisition, witch-hunting, and creationism.

Hmm.



#22955: Alon Levy — 04/25  at  04:46 AM
No, it's not the same thing. Capitalism is very opposed to communism, and even though Marx claimed to be scientific, mainstream science rebuked him. Hitler didn't even claim to be a naturalist, and in fact the main political philosophy of naturalism, liberalism, was anti-Nazi. In Christianity there was no significant opposition to the Inquisition, which was an official movement sanctioned by the Catholic church. Creationism in different because there is a split, but the Bible endorses creationism whereas the scientific method doesn't endorse Nazism and the principles of capitalism don't endorse communism.



#22959: — 04/25  at  05:21 AM
I take your point, but there's room to quibble. The Catholic Church isn't the same thing as Christianity, for example. It's an institution designed to promote Christianity, and as such it has on occasion done things to promote the Roman Catholic Church rather than the ideals of Christianity, which as we all know include respect for our neighbours and respect for the truth.

Going to war for the sake of the mere symbolism of controlling the Holy Land, torture for the sake of saving souls, lying about the scientific content of IDC; these are not things endorsed by Christianity, but by institutions promoting themselves wearing the clothes of Christianity.



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